![]() ![]() How does Charles' Law relate to the postulates of the kinetic molecular theory? The theory states that the molecules in a gas sample are in constant, rapid, random motion. At constant pressure,įIGURE 9.9 Charles' Law: At constant pressure, the volume of a gas sample is directly proportional to the temperature in degrees Kelvin. This relationship can be expressed by an equation relating the initial volume ( V 1) and initial temperature ( T 1 measured in K) to the final volume ( V 2) and final temperature ( T 2 measured in K). ![]() As the temperature increases, so will the volume if the temperature decreases, the volume will decrease. The calculated final olume is less thanĬharles' Law states: If the pressure of a gas sample is kept constant, the volume of the sample will vary directly with the temperature in Kelvin (Figure 9.9). Substitute in the Boyle's Law Equation:Ĥ. If they are different, use a conversionįactor to make them the same. What is its volume at the same temperature and at a pressure of 1.11Ģ. ![]() Changing the pressure on the sample changes only the volume of that empty space - not the volume of the molecules.Ī sample of gas has a volume of 6.20 L at 20☌ and 0.980 atm pressure. How does Boyle's Law relate to the kinetic molecular theory? The first postulate of the theory states that a gas sample occupies a relatively enormous empty space containing molecules of negligible volume. The gas molecules, now confined in a smaller volume, collide with the walls of the container twice as often and their pressure once again equals that of the piston. If the pressure on the piston is doubled, the volume of the gas decreases by one-half. The curve is a graph based on the data listed in the figure.Īt the molecular level, the pressure of a gas depends on the number of collisions its molecules have with the walls of the container. If the pressure on the piston is again doubled, the volume of gas decreases to one-fourth its original volume.įIGURE 9.8 Boyle's Law: At constant temperature, the volume of a gas sample is inversely proportional to the pressure. At this point the volume of the gas is halved. When the pressure on the piston is doubled, it moves downward until the pressure exerted by the gas equals the pressure exerted by the piston. When the piston is stationary, the pressure it exerts on the gas sample is equal to the pressure the gas exerts on it. The container is kept at a constant temperature and subjected to a regularly increasing amount of pressure. At constant temperature,īoyle's Law is illustrated in Figure 9.8 which shows a sample of gas enclosed in a container with a movable piston. This law can be expressed as an equation that relates the initial volume ( V 1) and the initial pressure ( P 1) to the final volume ( V 2) and the final pressure ( P 2). If the pressure decreases, the volume will increase. This statement means that, if the pressure increases, the volume will decrease. Boyle's Law states: If the temperature of a gas sample is kept constant, the volume of the sample will vary inversely as the pressure varies. ![]()
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